bitcoin scripts are simple programs written in a language called Script or bitcoin Script. These scripts define the conditions under which bitcoin can be spent or transferred.

Key features of bitcoin Script include:

1. Stack-based: Operates using a stack data structure, similar to the Forth programming language from the 1960s.
2. Turing incomplete: No infinite loops allowed. This limitation is intentional to prevent scripts from running indefinitely and consuming resources
3. Stateless: Each script contains all necessary information for validation, requiring no external data.